---
title: 英语词汇表—项目管理
url: 'https://www.xiang.net/itpm1/en_pm'
markdown: 'https://www.xiang.net/itpm1/en_pm.md'
date: '2026-10-27'
description: '八大绩效域 中文 英文 干系人绩效域 Stakeholder Performance Domain 团队绩效域 Team 开发方法和生命周期绩效域 Development Approach and Life Cycle 规划绩效域 Planning 项目工作绩效域 Project Work 交付绩效域 Delivery 测量绩效域 Measurement 不确定性绩效域 Uncertainty 五大过程组 …'
---

[](#)  [ 首页 ](https://www.xiang.net/)     [ 高项 ](https://www.xiang.net/itpm1)      英语词汇表—项目管理    

# 英语词汇表—项目管理

## 八大绩效域

| 中文 | 英文 |
|---|---|
| 干系人绩效域 | Stakeholder Performance Domain |
| 团队绩效域 | Team |
| 开发方法和生命周期绩效域 | Development Approach and Life Cycle |
| 规划绩效域 | Planning |
| 项目工作绩效域 | Project Work |
| 交付绩效域 | Delivery |
| 测量绩效域 | Measurement |
| 不确定性绩效域 | Uncertainty |

## 五大过程组

| 中文 | 英文 |
|---|---|
| 启动过程组 | Initiating Process Group |
| 规划过程组 | Planning Process Group |
| 执行过程组 | Executing Process Group |
| 监控过程组 | Monitoring and controlling Process Group |
| 收尾过程组 | Closing Process Group |

## 十大知识领域

| 中文 | 英文 |
|---|---|
| 项目整合管理 | Integration Management |
| 项目范围管理 | Scope Management |
| 项目进度管理 | Schedule Management |
| 项目成本管理 | Cost Management |
| 项目质量管理 | Quality Management |
| 项目资源管理 | Resource Management |
| 项目沟通管理 | Communications Management |
| 项目风险管理 | Risk Management |
| 项目采购管理 | Procurement Management |
| 项目干系人管理 | Stakeholder Management |

## 49个过程

| 中文 | 英文 |
|---|---|
| 制定项目章程 | Develop Project Charter |
| 制定项目管理计划 | Develop Project Management Plan |
| 指导与管理项目工作 | Direct and Manage Project Work |
| 监控项目工作 | Monitor and Control Project Work |
| 管理项目知识 | Manage project knowledge |
| 实施整体变更控制 | Perform Integrated Change Control |
| 结束项目或阶段 | Close Project or Phase |
| 规划范围管理 | Plan Scope Management |
| 收集需求 | Collect Requirements |
| 定义范围 | Define Scope |
| 创建WBS | Create WBS |
| 确认范围 | Validate Scope |
| 控制范围 | ControI Scope |
| 规划进度管理 | Plan Schedule Management |
| 定义活动 | Define Activities |
| 排列活动顺序 | Sequence Activities |
| 估算活动持续时间 | Estimate Activity Durations |
| 制定进度计划 | Develop Schedule |
| 控制进度 | Control Schedule |
| 规划成本管理 | Plan Cost Management |
| 估算成本 | Estimate Costs |
| 制定预算 | Determine Budget |
| 控制成本 | Control Costs |
| 规划质量管理 | Plan Quality Management |
| 管理质量 | Management Quality |
| 控制质量 | Control Quality |
| 规划资源管理 | Plan Human Resource Management |
| 估算活动资源 | Estimating Activity Resources |
| 获取资源 | Accessing Resources |
| 建设团队 | Develop Team |
| 管理团队 | Manage Team |
| 控制资源 | Control Resources |
| 规划沟通管理 | Plan Communications Management |
| 管理沟通 | Manage Communications |
| 监督沟通 | Supervise Communications |
| 规划风险管理 | Plan Risk Management |
| 识别风险 | Identify Risks |
| 实施定性风险分析 | Perform Qualitative Risk Analysis |
| 实施定量风险分析 | Perform Quantitative Risk Analysis |
| 规划风险应对 | Plan Risk Responses |
| 实施风险应对 | Implement Risk Responses |
| 监督风险 | Supervise Risks |
| 规划采购管理 | Plan Procurement Management |
| 实施采购 | Conduct Procurements |
| 控制采购 | Control Procurements |
| 识别干系人 | Identify Stakeholders |
| 规划干系人参与 | Plan Stakeholder Management |
| 管理干系人参与 | Manage Stakeholder Engagement |
| 监督干系人参与 | Supervise Stakeholder Engagement |

## 工具与技术

| 中文 | 英文 |
|---|---|
| 专家判断 | Expert judgment |
| 数据收集 | Data Gathering |
| 头脑风暴 | Brainstorm |
| 焦点小组 | Focus groups |
| 访谈 | Interviews |
| 人际关系与团队技能 | Interpersonal and Team Skills |
| 冲突管理 | Conflict management |
| 引导 | Facilitation |
| 会议管理 | Meetings Management |
| 会议 | Meetings |
| 核对单 | Checklist |
| 项目管理信息系统 | Project management information system |
| 知识管理 | Knowledge Management |
| 信息管理 | Information Management |
| 积极倾听 | Active Listening |
| 领导力 | Leadership Skills |
| 人际交往 | Networking |
| 大局观 | Big Picture |
| 数据分析 | Data Analytical |
| 备选方案分析 | Alternative analysis |
| 成本效益分析 | Cost-benefit analysis |
| 挣值分析 | Earned Value analysis |
| 根本原因分析 | Root Cause Analysis |
| 趋势分析 | Trend analysis |
| 偏差分析 | Variance analysis |
| 决策 | Decision |
| 变更控制工具 | Change control tools |
| 识别配置项 | Identify Configuration Items |
| 记录并报告配置项状态 | Records and reports the status of configuration items |
| 进行配置项核实与审计 | Verify and audit configuration items |
| 识别变更 | Identify changes |
| 记录变更 | Changed record |
| 做出变更决定 | Make a change decision |
| 跟踪变更 | Track changes |
| 投票 | Vote |
| 独裁型决策制定 | Authoritarian decision-making |
| 多标准决策分析 | Multi-criteria decision analysis |
| 文件分析 | Document analysis |
| 回归分析 | Regression Analysis |
| 问卷调查 | Questionnaires and surveys |
| 标杆对照 | Benchmarking |
| 数据表现 | Data Representation |
| 亲和图 | Affinity Diagrams |
| 思维导图 | Mind-Mapping |
| 名义小组技术 | Nominal Group Technique |
| 观察和交谈 | observation and conversation |
| 系统交互图 | Context diagrams |
| 原型法 | Prototypes |
| 产品分析 | Product analysis |
| 分解 | Decomposition |
| 检查 | Inspection |
| 滚动式规划 | Rolling wave planning |
| 紧前关系绘图法 | Precedence diagramming method (PDM) |
| 箭线图法 | Arrow diagramming method(ADM) |
| 确定和整合依赖关系 | Identify and integrate dependencies |
| 提前量和滞后量 | Leads and lags |
| 强制性依赖关系 | Mandatory Dependency |
| 选择性依赖关系 | Discretionary Dependency |
| 外部依赖关系 | External Dependency |
| 内部依赖关系 | Internal Dependencies |
| 类比估算 | Analogous estimating |
| 参数估算 | Parametric estimating |
| 三点估算 | Three-point estimating |
| 自下而上估算 | Bottom-up estimating |
| 储备分析 | Reserve analysis |
| 进度网络分析 | Schedule network analysis |
| 关键路径法 | Critical path method |
| 资源优化 | Resource optimization |
| 资源平衡 | Resource Leveling |
| 资源平滑 | Resource Smoothing |
| 假设情景分析 | What-If Scenario Analysis |
| 模拟 | Simulation |
| 进度压缩 | Schedule compression |
| 快速跟进 | Fast Tracking |
| 赶工 | Crashing |
| 计划评审技术 | program evaluation and review technique |
| 敏捷或适应型发布规划 | Agile or adaptive release planning |
| 迭代燃尽图 | Sprint Bum down Chart |
| 绩效审查 | Performance Reviews |
| 储备分析 | Reserve analysis |
| 质量成本 | Cost of quality |
| 成本汇总 | Cost aggregation |
| 历史信息审核 | Historical information audit |
| 资金限制平衡 | Funding limit reconciliation |
| 融资 | Financing |
| 计划价值 | Planned Value |
| 挣值 | Earned value |
| 实际成本 | Actual Cost |
| 进度偏差 | Schedule Variance |
| 成本偏差 | Cost Variance |
| 进度绩效指数 | Schedule Performance Index |
| 成本绩效指数 | Cost Performance Index |
| 图表 | chart |
| 预测 | Forecast |
| 完工尚需绩效指数 | To-complete performance index (TCPI) |
| 决策技术 | Decision-Making Techniques |
| 流程图 | Flowchart |
| 逻辑数据模型 | Logical Data Model |
| 矩阵图 | Matrix Diagrams |
| 测试与检查的规划 | Planning of tests and inspections |
| 过程分析 | Process analysis |
| 因果图 | Cause and Effect Diagram |
| 直方图 | Histogram |
| 散点图 | Scatter Diagram |
| 审计 | Audits |
| 面向X的设计 | Design fbr X |
| 问题解决 | problem solving |
| 质量改进方法 | Quality improvement methods |
| 核查表 | Checksheets |
| 统计抽样 | Statistical sampling |
| 测试／产品评估 | Test product evaluation |
| 控制图 | Control Chart |
| 工作分解结构 | Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) |
| 组织分解结构 | Organizational Breakdown Structure (OBS) |
| 资源分解结构 | Resource Breakdown Structure |
| 组织理论 | Organizational theory |
| 职能经理 | Functional Manager |
| 执行组织中的其他项目管理团队 | Executes other project management teams in the organization |
| 外部组织和供应商 | External organizations and vendors |
| 预分派 | Pre-assignment |
| 虚拟团队 | Virtual teams |
| 集中办公 | Colocation |
| 沟通技术 | Communication technology |
| 共享门户 | Share the portal |
| 视频会议 | Videoconferencing |
| 音频会议 | Audio conferencing |
| 电子邮件／聊天软件 | Email chat software |
| 影响力 | Influence |
| 激励 | Incentive |
| 谈判 | Negotiation |
| 团队建设 | Team-building |
| 认可与鼓励 | Recognition and rewards |
| 培训 | Training |
| 个人和团队评估 | Individual and team assessments |
| 制定决策 | decision making |
| 情商 | Emotional Intelligence |
| 影响 | Influence |
| 沟通需求分析 | Communication requirements analysis |
| 沟通模型 | Communication models |
| 沟通方法 | Communication methods |
| 互动式沟通 | Interactive communication |
| 推式沟通 | Push Communication |
| 拉式沟通 | Pull communication |
| 沟通风格评估 | Communication Styles Assessment |
| 政策意识 | Policy awareness |
| 文化意识 | cultural awareness |
| 沟通技能 | Communication skills |
| 项目报告 | Project paper |
| 沟通胜任力 | Communication competence |
| 反馈 | feedback |
| 非口头技能 | Non-verbal skills |
| 演示 | Demo |
| 核查单 | Checklist |
| 假设条件和制约因素分析 | Analysis of assumptions and constraints |
| SWOT分析 | SWOT analysis |
| 提示清单 | Cue List |
| 风险数据质量评估 | Risk data quality assessment |
| 风险概率和影响评估 | Risk probability and impact assessment |
| 风险分类 | Risk categorization |
| 概率和影响矩阵 | Probability and impact matrix |
| 不确定性表现形式 | Manifestations of uncertainty |
| 敏感性分析 | Sensitivity Analysis |
| 决策树分析 | Decision Tree Analysis |
| 威胁应对策略 | Strategies for threats |
| 上报、规避、转移、减轻、接受 | Escalation、Avoid、Transfer、Mitigate、Accept |
| 机会应对策略 | Strategies for chance |
| 应急应对策略 | Contingent response strategies |
| 上报、开拓、分享、提高、接受 | Escalation、Exploit、Share、Enhance、Accept |
| 整体项目风险应对策略 | Strategies for Overall project risks |
| 技术绩效分析 | Technical performance Analysis |
| 供方选择分析 | Supply-side selection analysis |
| 最低成本 | Minimum cost |
| 仅凭资质 | Qualifications alone |
| 基于质量或技术方案得分 | Score based on quality or technical solutions |
| 基于质量和成本 | Based on quality and cost |
| 唯一来源 | Single-source source |
| 固定预算 | Fixed budget |
| 广告 | Advertising |
| 投标人会议 | Bidder conference |
| 索赔管理 | Claims administration |
| 干系人分析 | Stakeholder analysis |
| 权力利益方格 | Power interest square |
| 干系人立方体 | Stake Cube |
| 凸显模型 | Highlight the model |
| 影响方向 | Influence direction |
| 优先级排序 | Prioritization |
| 干系人参与度评估矩阵 | Stakeholder engagement assessment matrix |
| 观察和交谈 | observation and conversation |
| 基本原则 | Ground rules |

## 输入输出

| 中文 | 英文 |
|---|---|
| 立项管理文件 | Project management documents |
| 协议 | Agreements |
| 事业环境因素 | Enterprise environmental factors |
| 组织过程资产 | Organizational process assets |
| 项目章程 | Project charter |
| 假设日志 | Assumption Log |
| 其他知识领域规划过程的输出 | Output of the planning process for other laiowledge areas |
| 项目管理计划 | Project management plan |
| 子管理计划 | Sub-management plan |
| 基准 | baseline |
| 其他组件 | Other components |
| 项目文件 | Project documents |
| 批准的变更请求 | Approved change requests |
| 需求跟踪矩阵 | Requirements traceability matrix |
| 风险登记册 | Risk register |
| 风险报告 | Risk Report |
| 里程碑清单 | Milestone list |
| 项目进度计划 | Project schedule |
| 项目沟通记录 | Project communications records |
| 经验教训登记册 | Lessons Learned Register |
| 变更日志 | Change log |
| 可交付成果 | Deliverables |
| 工作绩效数据 | Work performance data |
| 问题日志 | Issue log |
| 变更请求 | Change Request |
| 纠正措施 | Corrective Action |
| 预防措施 | Preventive Action |
| 缺陷措施 | Defective Action |
| 更新 | Update |
| 活动清单 | Activity list |
| 需求文件 | Requirements documentation |
| 干系人登记册 | Stakeholder register |
| 资源分解结构 | Resource breakdown structure |
| 项目团队派工单 | The project team dispatches work orders |
| 供方选择标准 | Source selection criteria |
| 人事管理制度 | Personnel management system |
| 组织对沟通的要求 | The organization's requirements for communication |
| 估算依据 | Basis of Estimates |
| 成本预测 | Cost forecasts |
| 进度预测 | Schedule forecasts |
| 质量报告 | Quality Report |
| 工作绩效信息 | Work performance information |
| 工作绩效报告 | Work performance reports |
| 变更需求 | Change Requirements |
| 缺陷补救 | Defect Repair |
| 变更管理计划 | Change management plan |
| 配置管理计划 | Configuration Management Plan |
| 范围基准 | Scope baseline |
| 进度基准 | Schedule baseline |
| 成本基准 | Cost baseline |
| 质量控制测量结果 | Qulity control measurements |
| 验收的可交付成果 | Accepted deliverables |
| 采购文档 | Procurement Documentation |
| 配置管理知识库 | Configure the management Repository |
| 最终产品、服务或成果 | Final product, service, or result |
| 项目最终报告 | Final report of theproject |
| 运营和支持文件 | Operations and support documentation |
| 项目或阶段收尾文件 | Project or phase closure documents |
| 经验教训知识库 | Lessons Learned Repository |
| 质量管理计划 | Quality management plan |
| 项目生命周期描述 | Project lifecycle description |
| 开发方法 | Development Approach |
| 范围管理计划 | Scope management plan |
| 需求管理计划 | Requirements management plan |
| 干系人参与计划 | Stakeholder participate plan |
| 业务需求 | business Requirement |
| 干系人需求 | Stakeholder Requirement |
| 解决方案需求 | Solution Requirement |
| 过渡和就绪需求 | Transition and readiness Requirement |
| 项目需求 | Project Requirement |
| 质量需求 | Quality Requirement |
| 项目范围说明书 | Project scope statement |
| 产品范围描述 | Product Scope Description |
| 验收标准 | Acceptance Criteria |
| 项目的除外责任 | Project Exclusions |
| 规划包 | Planning Package |
| 工作包 | Work Package |
| 核实的可交付成果 | Validated deliverables |
| 绩效测量基准 | Performance Measurement Baseline (PMB) |
| 进度管理计划 | Schedule Management Plan |
| 项目进度模型 | Project schedule model |
| 进度计划的发布和迭代长度 | Release and iteration length of the schedule |
| 准确度 | Accuracy |
| 计量单位 | Unit of measure |
| 工作分解结构 | Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) |
| 项目进度模型维护 | Project schedule model maintenance |
| 控制临界值 | Control critical values |
| 绩效测量规则 | Performance measurement rules |
| 报告格式 | Report format |
| 活动属性 | Activity attributes |
| 项目进度网络图 | Project schedule network diagrams |
| 资源需求 | Resource Requirement |
| 资源分解结构 | Resource breakdown structure |
| 资源日历 | Resource calendars |
| 持续时间估算 | Duration Estimates |
| 横道图 | Bar Chart |
| 里程碑图 | Milestone chart |
| 进度数据 | Schedule data |
| 项目日历 | Project calendars |
| 风险管理计划 | Risk management plan |
| 成本管理计划 | Cost Management Plan |
| 精确度 | precision |
| 组织程序链接 | Organize program links |
| 成本估算 | Cost Estimates |
| 可行性研究文件 | Feasibility study documents |
| 可行性研究报告 | Feasibilty study report |
| 项目评估报告 | Project evaluation report |
| 项目资金需求 | Project funding requirements |
| 质量测量指标 | Quality metrics |
| 测试与评估文件 | Test and Evaluation Documents |
| 资源管理计划 | Resource Management Plan |
| 识别资源 | Identify the resource |
| 获取资源 | Acquire Resources |
| 角色与职责 | Roles and responsibilities |
| 项目组织图 | Project Organization Chart |
| 项目团队资源管理 | Project team resource management |
| 团队建设 | Team building |
| 认可计划 | Accreditation Program |
| 团队章程 | Team Charter |
| 资源需求 | Resource Requirements |
| 采购管理计划 | Procurement Management Plan |
| 物质资源分配单 | Material resource allocation sheet |

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